There are two types of reinforcements - Positive and negative
Positive:
Its positive reinforcement when an action gives a positive response or increases the machine's strength. 
Advantages of positive reinforcement learning are:
- Maximizes Performance
 
- Sustain Change for a long time
 
Disadvantages of positive reinforcement learning:
- Too much Reinforcement can lead to the overload of states which can diminish the results
 
Negative:
Negative reinforcement is when the negative behavior is killed or stopped.
Advantages of negative reinforcement learning:
- Increases Behavior
 
- Provide defiance to a minimum standard of performance
 
Disadvantages of negative reinforcement learning:
- It Only provides enough to meet up the minimum behavior