@ch,
Cut divides the range of x into intervals and codes the values in x according to which interval they fall. breaks indicate the number of levels or intervals required to categorize the values.
Example:
> c = c(1:50)
> cut(c,breaks = 3)
 [1] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3]
 [9] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3] (0.951,17.3]
[17] (0.951,17.3] (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7] 
[25] (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7]  (17.3,33.7] 
[33] (17.3,33.7]  (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]   
[41] (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]   
[49] (33.7,50]    (33.7,50]   
Levels: (0.951,17.3] (17.3,33.7] (33.7,50]